【考研英語】應(yīng)用文快速成文法!
發(fā)布者:網(wǎng)上發(fā)布
考研進(jìn)入沖刺階段,考生的時(shí)間比較緊迫,越到最后這個(gè)時(shí)間,越容易心慌。你永遠(yuǎn)感覺自己還有東西沒看全,還有知識點(diǎn)沒有消化完。
所以,有的放矢,*大限度的把握考點(diǎn),把握命題趨勢,是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
大綱中小作文要求考生根據(jù)題目所給出的情景和要求寫出100詞左右的應(yīng)用性短文,要求語句連貫通順、語氣恰當(dāng)、用詞準(zhǔn)確。縱觀近幾年的真題,不難看出寫作A部分主要考查考生日?;灸苡玫降臅蓬悓懽髂芰Α榱藥椭忌軌蛟诳荚囈?guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)寫出一篇優(yōu)秀的作文,小編在此給大家歸納總結(jié)出在小作文的復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備過程中的注意事項(xiàng)。
1.審題準(zhǔn)
小作文寫作時(shí),審題非常關(guān)鍵。牢記審題口訣三個(gè)看,確保**不跑題。
(1) 看write的文體:知道寫什么體
(2) 看write后面的人:知道稱呼、落款
(3) 不定式to后面為寫作要點(diǎn)
2.格式對
書信類的應(yīng)用性作文對應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)包括稱呼、正文、落款,這幾個(gè)部分都有相對應(yīng)的格式要求。
稱呼語的格式要求首行左對齊,后面加逗號。正文部分每段空四個(gè)字母左右,分段描述。落款要求寫在正文下一行中間偏右的位置,后面同樣加逗號;署名需另起一行,在標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號上切記無逗號,不頓筆。
3.結(jié)構(gòu)清
考研應(yīng)用文寫作有五個(gè)要素:
(1) 稱呼:私人信函:Dear + 名字/稱呼,公文信函:Dear Sir or Madam,或To whom it may concern,等
(2) 開頭段:2-3句,20-30詞。內(nèi)容主要包括:寫給熟人:寒暄 + 目的寫給生人:自我介紹 + 目的常用句式:I am writing this letter with the purpose of…
(3) 中間段:約50-60詞,4-5句。根據(jù)寫作指令中的具體要求,切題發(fā)揮。寫作手法主要包括兩類:①羅列(如羅列原因,建議等);②來龍去脈。
(4) 結(jié)尾段:2-3句,20-30詞。內(nèi)容可涉及:明謝意,表希望,望回信。以下句式注意根據(jù)實(shí)際情況酌情使用:明謝意:I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your attention to my letter.表希望:I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.望回信:I sincerely hope that you could help me in this matter.
(5) 落款:我們可以使用萬無一失的Yours sincerely,后面照抄題目給定的署名即可。根據(jù)近年的命題趨勢,英語一的同學(xué),你的法定名字應(yīng)該是Li Ming, 英語二的同學(xué)通常情況是Li Ming,偶爾是Zhang Wei.
4.要點(diǎn)全
小作文寫作要求100詞左右,所以在內(nèi)容上不僅要覆蓋題目要求中的所有信息,如果對題目提及的相關(guān)內(nèi)容有遺漏,會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重失分;另外還需要完整表達(dá)出題目要求表達(dá)的意思和態(tài)度。
【范文示例】
Directions: Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admitted to a university Write him / her a letter to:
(1) congratulate him / her, and
(2) give him / her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, Use “Zhang Wei”.
Dear Li Ming,
Having heard that you have received the offer from Beijing University, I feel really delighted. I am writing to extend my sincere congratulations on your success. There is nothing unexpected-your hard work has paid off and we are so proud of you.
As setting out on a new journey, I guess you may have some doubts and worries. I would like to share my suggestions with you. To begin with, you need to realize that studying hard is your major task. Furthermore, it is necessary to remind you that university is a diversified place where you can attend various activities, in order to broaden your horizon. Last but not least, you are highly suggested to build a strong body for the future academic pursuit.
I earnestly hope you will find these suggestions practical and helpful. I am convinced that you will have a promising future.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei
【范文點(diǎn)評】
我們從前面強(qiáng)調(diào)的四個(gè)要點(diǎn)來審視一下這篇文章。
1、審題準(zhǔn):(1) 看write的文體:由letter可知是書信寫作(2) 看write后面的人:your cousin LI MING,寫給表弟(3) 不定式to后面為寫作要點(diǎn):Congratulate + suggestions 祝賀加建議
2、格式對:該文章格式完全合乎應(yīng)用文寫作要求。
3、結(jié)構(gòu)清:(1) 稱呼:由上文審題可知寫給表弟,屬于同輩熟人。故稱呼用dear + 人名即可;(2) 開頭段:首句“Having heard that you have received the offer from Beijing University, I feel really delighted”為寒暄,為對方考學(xué)而開心。第二句表明寫信目的,祝賀對方,此處應(yīng)注意祝賀一詞拼寫,并常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn):congratulations。(3) 中間段:建議信在第二段主要是羅列建議即可,本文從學(xué)習(xí),校園活動(dòng),及身體健康三個(gè)方面提出建議,用詞不俗套,句式表達(dá)多樣化。該句中三個(gè)層次的不同句式可作為建議信或投訴信模板句:To begin with, you need to realize that…Furthermore, it is necessary to remind you that…Last but not least, you are highly suggested to…(4) 結(jié)尾段:表達(dá)希望和憧憬,希望建議對對方有益。(5) 落款:按照題目要求寫出姓名Zhang Wei,此處考生一定要仔細(xì)看題目要求。
4、要點(diǎn)全:題干信息中提到的祝賀+建議作者均在文中涉及,因此要點(diǎn)覆蓋全面,符合題目要求。各位考研戰(zhàn)士們,小作文難度相對較低,比較容易拿分,希望大家認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備,毫無懸念拿下這個(gè)題型